lived in large villages along the Red river near the present day Oklahoma One of the most significant sites of the Caddo is preserved and ready for visitors at Caddo Mounds State Historic Site, west of Nacogdoches. The Caddo lived in On April 29, 2000 the Caddo Nation Tribal Council responded to tribal membership and enacted into law an ordinance establishing the Caddo Heritage Museum for the purpose of preserving and perpetuating Caddo history, culture and traditions by collecting, conserving, interpreting, and archiving, exhibiting and disseminating knowledge of the Caddo people from prehistoric time forward. What Did the Caddo Eat? myth about making corn meal. They grew corn and pumpkins as primary crops which, later combined with beans and squash, stimulated population growth. Now back to the story. They made their pottery The summer house The Caddo Indians are a tribe whose traditional historic homeland was located along the borders of present Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. Grab Bag. Editor's note, TexasIndians.com added this picture to Jane Archer's myth WHERE THEY LIVED, So these fires were useful and not destructive. buffalo meat to preserve it so they could carry it home. To cut down trees they used stone Region. quoted in school reports. This means the grass was short 100. Today, the Caddo Nation is a thriving confederacy of many tribes, headquartered in Oklahoma. Their leader, named Moon, instructed the people not to look back. east Texas in the piney forests. ... year and the Anglo-Americans who ruled the republic after 1836 and the state after 1845 were extremely hostile to the Indians of the region. by coiling long strings of clay and squeezing them together. These seven tribes include approximately 43,000 members who are eligible to … the Pawnee and the Wichita were all in the same tribe. Pottery is also good for cooking and eating out of. drawn by George Catlin. By the time of contact with Europeans, the Caddo were organized into three kin-based affiliated groups. the old taller grass and small shrubs and bushes without hurting the old The Piney Woods is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in present-day East Texas, southern Arkansas, western Louisiana, and southeastern Oklahoma. more than one house for a family group. The Caddo are descended from the prehistoric Fourche Maline and Mossy Grove people who settled this area between 200 BCE to 800 BCE. Thanks to Jane Archer and Wordware Publishing PO Box 728 They traded salt, which they obtained from saline springs near the Red and Ouachita rivers, with southeastern Indians. It costs to keep One of the reasons the kind of molded pottery is called effigy pottery. If this confuses you, think of English. They raised corn, beans pine trees are the most common trees found here, there are many other kinds Unlike some of the tribes living in fortified towns along the lower Mississippi and elsewhere in the Southeast with whom the Spanish had fought bloody battles, the Caddo lived in sprawling, unfortified communities. top of one of the largest of the old Hasinai villages. Where do the Caddo Indians live? and fruits. If you have read the got fire while gathering acorns. Today we would call these crimes racial hate crimes. Please come back when you are done :-P. This is a reconstructed They were farmers. Here, temple mounds accompany a burial mound and village and their remains, now under the protection of the and squash. themselves. The other was the Tejas or Hasinais Caddo who lived around present day Nacogdoches. a temperate region. She dropped corn inside how big it is. By 1874 the boundaries of the Caddo reservation were defined, and the separate Caddo tribes agreed to unite as the unified Caddo Indian Tribe. of the Caddo in Texas. have bois de arc wood. closely related tribes who also speak versions of the Caddo language. MORE THAN MOUND BUILDERS The Caddo Indians dominated much of the eastern region of Texas for more than 500 years (A.D. 800-1300). For food these Indians google_ad_slot = "6239129420"; /* caddo1 */ In the spring new green grass would get more sun and grow better on the The tribes affiliated with the Caddo language are often labeled as a "confederation." Caddo Indians of Texas The Caddos came to East Texas from the Mississippi Valley around 800 A.D. Their territory included parts of Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana and East Texas. google_ad_width = 336; HOUSES Santa Fe, NM The inside of the huts had arc. Caddo were farmers who lived in East Texas. Indians controlled their environment. Caddo Native Americans Geography: They live in the southern Plains, particularly Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana most Caddo people today live in Oklahoma. Sound familiar? deer and animals to hunt. Here, temple mounds accompany a burial mound and village and their remains, now under the protection of the the undergrowth out. things going. This Tribe Agency Location of Original Records Pre-1880 Correspondence M234 Roll Number FHL Film Number Post-1885 Census M595 Roll Number FHL Film Number Caddo Anadarko Area Office, 1881-1962 Fort Worth - First film: 1638620: Rolls 211-23 First film: 573847 Caddo Red River Agency, 1824-30 Washington D.C. google_ad_client = "ca-pub-9355092365924217"; These huts were nicely furnished farmed corn, beans, squash and other crops. Then they The Caddoan tribes were consolidated enough by 1834 that the American agents had begun to treat them as though they were a single group. inside with furniture and were quite comfortable. They had a main village were the paramount used or reproduced without prior permission. This region has a good annual rainfall and is in These same mats were hung for the winter and rainy weather. and pounded it with a pole into fine meal. One of the most significant sites of the Caddo is preserved and ready for visitors at Caddo Mounds State Historic Site, west of Nacogdoches. Because it is so strong and flexible it is perfect for The floor was raised up off the ground and was made of woven cane or split a Caddo stone axe. Most Caddo people today live in Oklahoma. They would also hunt deer and would use buffalo skins with the hair on them as blankets to keep warm Te-haas. up of several tribes organized into a confederacy. Picture by R. E. Moore. They planted crops in large clearings in the woods. the Caddo had all the bois de arc wood. to help keep cool in the hot humid East Texas Summers. In 1835 the land of and around present day Caddo Lake was purchased from the Indians for $80,000 by the U.S. government, and within a year the Caddo Indians were moved away from this region. The Caddo were hunters, gatherers and farmers. of food. The Caddo originated in the lower Mississippi Valley and spread west along the river systems. The bois de arc only grows in this region, so chew into to store their seeds and crops. for hunting and for war. wood. There were two main groups of the Caddo in Texas. up as partitions inside the hut. //-->. Buffalo skins with Houses: Did not live in tepees.They lived in tall beehive shaped grass houses. and the undergrowth was cleared away. woven grass and split cane mats on the floors. tall cone shaped grass huts. The Caddo are thought to be an extension of Woodland period peoples, the Fourche Maline and Mossy Grove cultures, whose members were living in the area of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas areas between 200 BCE and 800 CE. Go here to the Alabama-Coushatta page to read a Myth about how the Indians Wichita, and the Pawnee are two important tribes who speak a form of Caddoan. One major Caddo tribe was the Kadohadacho. The Caddo lived in several tribal groups in southwest Arkansas and nearby areas of Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma from A.D. 1000 to about A.D. 1800. They called the confederacy Early European explorers reported finding Farmers need containers that animals like rats cannot Click The Hasinai confederacy (called Cenis by the French and Teyas by the Spanish) occupied between nine and 12 communities in the Neches and Angelina river valley region of East Texas. Short parts of text may be Indian Myths and Legends by Jane Archer. It is the Caddo Indians who are being attacked in and around their homes, not the white settlers. How is the Caddo Indian nation organized? Often several families would live in one This is a good climate for farming. Check out the 1687 Map, National Trails The doorway gives you an idea of Even $1.00 helps. The Kadohadacho Tribes Served by the Southern Plains Region. The name Caddo derives from a French abbreviation of Kadohadachho (“real chief”).